How do you emulate an art genre using Ai?(Chinese paper art)

In this tutorial, we will be making a snake in Illustrator in the Chinese paper cut art style.

Here is our finished product:

This tutorial is divided up into 6 different parts.

1.Basic Shapes

2.Swirl Tool

3.Patterns

a.Head patterns

b.Body patterns

4.Using pathfinder to cut out shapes

a.Simple cut outs

b.More complicated cut outs

5.Flower cutouts

6.Additional things

BASIC SHAPES

1. Find reference pictures for your animal. I had to use two different ones because the head on one of the pictures was not as cool looking as the other one. (You can worry about your background images after your animal’s done) Lock the layer that your reference pictures are on.

2. Make basic shapes for the snake using the pen tool. Be sure to make them closed shapes so you can fill them in with color later. In this case, I chose to make the head a different color from the rest of the body. This style of art tends to be very bright so make sure to pick out bright colors.

Aside: This project also called for the head to be detachable from the rest of the body (the animal heads were going to be used as icons for the navigation of the site). You do not need to make the head of your animal detachable.

I took some liberties with his tail, just as a personal choice. Ill later wrap the end of the snakes tail around a small rock.

Tip: You can make one big shape for the base color (in this case, the light green part of the snake). However, once you get to the darker shading, those should be separate shapes.

Tip: LAYERS. LAYERS. For the love of god, use layers to your advantage. Name them, divide them, organize them. Youre going to have a LOT of shapes and paths by the end of this, you dont want to waste half of your time just trying to find that one shape you made two days ago.

Tip 2: SAVE OFTEN. That can never get said enough.

SWIRL TOOL

A tool that comes in handy occasionally is the swirl tool. I used this to make the ends of the snake’s tongue. If you already know how to use the Swirl tool, feel free to skip ahead to the next section.

The swirl tool can be found with the line segment tool.

1. Pick your color for your swirl, in this case, its red for the tongue.

2. Use the pen tool (or the arc tool) to make the base of the tongue.

3. Use the swirl tool to make the tip of the tongue.

Tip: While still holding down on your mouse (or if youre using a tablet, while still keeping your pen on the tablet), use the up/down arrows on the keyboard to adjust the length of the swirl to whatever you want.

4. Rotate the swirl so that it matches up with the end of the curved line from step 2.

5. Not done yet! Connect the two pieces by selecting the endpoint of the curved line and the endpoint of the swirl. (Any easy way to do this is to just hit Q on the keyboard and then circle the two endpoints) Then join them together by either going to Object > Path > Join or by simply hitting Command + J .

6. The point where the two pieces meet is still a little jagged. So use the Delete Anchor Point Tool (keyboard shortcut: hit the minus key) to delete one of those two endpoints you had just joined.

Done! Now just copy, paste, and adjust this and youve got a forked snake tongue.

PATTERNS

Patterns are a necessary part of paper art style. First I’ll start with the head.

Head patterns

This part is pretty simple and flexible so Ill only have this one picture as a reference. Youll learn how to cut out all the whites shapes later in the tutorial.

1. Choose bright colors to contrast the darker colors of your animals head. White shapes will be used later for cutouts.

2. Choose and draw a shape suitable for your animal that you can repeat as a pattern.

For the head, I chose to do rounded rectangles (hand drawn with the pen tool, not made with the rounded rectangle tool). This gives the snake’s face a scale-like feel to it. If your animal is more on the furry side, your shapes should be more like fur. I also did some apostrophe type shapes just because I thought they looked good.

3. Be sure to copy and paste your shapes to make everything regular. The shapes themselves don’t need to be precise but copying and pasting the shapes repeatedly gives the illustration more structure. Keep your pattern simple. Something too intricate will not look good when repeated.

Tip: Change the size of your shape dependent on perspective. This will definitely come in handy for the snake’s body.

4. Dont forget to use both white and colored shapes.

5. Give him some angry eyebrows. (Easy way to give the eyebrows a jagged shape is to make one curvy triangle shape, copy/paste it repeatedly, then connect it all together).

Tip: Do not swamp your animal’s head with too many patterns. A little pattern goes a long way. Dont be afraid to scrap a pattern completely if it doesnt fit your animal. Look up other paper cut outs online to see what patterns they use if you need inspiration.

Body patterns

I made the pattern I did based off a snake’s scales. I actually used a separate reference picture for this one. I based my body patterns off this:

Making the pieces bigger in certain areas when the perspective is closer creates depth, just like in the reference picture.

Dont forget to add white shapes for the cutouts.

Tip: For the snake, I had to make sure the patterns followed the direction of his body. Be sure you do this too for your animal. It will make it look better and less like you just copied and pasted everything (despite the fact that thats exactly what you did).

I added the rock and some grass as a personal preference.

USING PATHFINDER TO CUT OUT SHAPES

It just wouldnt be a paper cut out without actually cutting the shapes out. This part can be tedious but it helps in the long run. This section is divided into two parts.

Simple cutout: For white cutouts that have only one color/shape underneath it

Multiple cutout: For when your cutout shape is on top of two or more layers. For example, the white cutouts on the snake body: it’s on a dark green layer and a light green layer.

If you already know how to use the Minus-Front tool in Pathfinder, all you need to know is to cut the white pieces out of the main shapes so that there’s one big piece with holes in it rather than one big piece with lots of little white pieces on top of it.

Simple cutout

1. Select your white cutout shape and your background shape at the same time. You can do this by holding down both the apple key + shift, then clicking both shapes. For this Im just going to do a really simple shape.

Tip: To make things easier, make sure the white cutout shape is on the layer directly above your background layer. When there are other shapes in between, layer order gets a bit tricky.

2. With both shapes still selected, open pathfinder (window>pathfinder). Click on the Minus-Front tool. This will automatically erase your white cutout from your background image, merging it into one oddly shaped image.

Here’s what it looks like after cutting out the piece (notice how its just one shape with a hole instead of two separate pieces)

Tip: If you have multiple white cutouts, you can save time by selecting all the white shapes and the background at the same time, then using the Minus-Front tool. Much faster than tediously selecting every white shape individually.

Multiple layers underneath cutouts Snake Body

1. Duplicate your cutout. As stated before, pathfinder Minus-Front automatically gets rid of your cutout shape layer. You need this shape for both layers, so duplicate it before proceeding. You can do this by copying the shape and pasting it in front. (command+c then command+f)

2. Select one copy of your cutout and one of your background images. In this case, the dark green layer.

3. Use pathfinder Minus-Front tool.

Now the dark green layer has the cutout, but the light green layer underneath doesn’t. This is where your duplicate white piece comes in handy.

4. Select your duplicate white shape and your light green background layer at the same time.

5. Use pathfinder Minus-Front tool.

Done! Now you have a proper cutout for both green shapes.

Tip: This process can be used for cutouts on top of 3+ colors too. Basically, you need the same amount of cutouts as you do background layers.

Here’s an example of what it looks before and after cutting out the shapes:

Here’s how everything looks after I added the rock and fixed the tail

>>> FLOWER CUTOUTS

Now it’s time to give a background for the animal. Find some reference pictures of flowers or plants that you think would be suitable. There are two approaches you can take with the flowers. You can either do the same method as you did with the animal (one big piece with cutouts and patterns) or you can simply make many little shapes to make the flower.

Here is the first method. I didn’t really base it off any reference pictures in particular.

1. To make the petals make one side of a petal. This will make sure everything’s symmetrical.

2. Copy this shape and paste it in front (apple+c, then apple+f). Then flip it horizontally (object > transform > relflect vertical at a 90 degree angle).

3. Move the second shape so that it lines up with the first shape, then join them together with pathfinder.

4. Copy and paste this petal, placing the shape so that it begins to form the flower like this:

Tip: I used the rotate tool and rotated each piece a multiple of 72 degrees (360 degrees divided by 5)

5. Fill in the middle piece and join all the pieces together (pathfinder tool).

6. Now it’s time to make cutouts. Here is the shape I made (using the same method I did for the petals):

7. Repeat step 4, this time with your cutout shape.

Note: Do NOT use the minus-front tool to cut these shapes out yet! You’ll do this at the end.

8. Now add one more shape (I did ellipses) as well as a circle on top of your base shape. Feel free to pick any other shape.

9. Adjust the cutouts so that none of the dark blue is seen underneath the center pattern you just made. Move them around to make them look better.

10. Finally, cut the white shapes out of the big blue shape using the minus-front tool and you’re done!

This is the second method. Here’sthe flower I chose for this style.

1. Make an outline of flower. An easy way to do this is to make one shape outlining the whole flower, then making a copy of that shape and making it smaller. Then use what you learned with pathfinder and use the minus-front tool to delete the smaller shape to leave an outline.

2. Start by making the darker shapes using the pen tool. You don’t have to be very precise or get every single dark shape, just enough to get the feel of the flower petals.

3. Then make the lighter shapes with the pen tool underneath the darker ones. Make sure to leave enough white space to make it look like a cutout.

Here’s how the finished product looks. (For reasons I can’t remember, I didn’t do the leaves)

ADDITIONAL THINGS

Youll notice my snake and the reference snake do not actually line up perfectly because I decided to throw a rock into the mix and make the snake hug it with its tail. Feel free to not follow the animal reference picture perfectly. If you think your animal would look better in a slightly different position, dont be afraid to change it.

Helpful Links

http://www.sinopaperart.com/chinese-paper-cut-gallery.htm

This website served as a reference a lot throughout this project for everyone involved. There are three different sets of the zodiac animal paper cut out art that you can look at for inspiration.

Photomatix Pro Tutorial: The Basics

In this tutorial, you will learn how to create a High Dynamic Range (HDR) image using three photographs of the same scene taken under different exposures, and to process it with tone mapping and exposure fusion.

HDR image creation starts with taking photos of a High Dynamic Range scene as detailed inStep 1

Note: Photomatix allows you to process a single image with tone mapping, but this tutorial only covers HDR processing with multiple exposures. Note that a single image is not sufficient to capture the dynamic range of a high contrast scene.

Step 1: Take photos of an HDR scene

To create the best HDR images, you need to take enough exposures to properly cover the dynamic range of the scene.

If your camera offers Auto-Exposure Bracketing (AEB), select the Continuous Shooting mode, make sure the camera is set toAperture Priority, and select an exposure increment of +/-2. The camera will automatically vary the shutter speed each time the shutter button is pressed, taking several exposures spaced by two-stop increments.

You may have to change the exposures manually if your camera does not offers AEB, or if it can only take 3 auto-bracketed frames when the dynamic range of the scene requires 5 or more.

Photomatix enables you to align images if the camera moved slightly between frames, but using a tripod is still recommended.

Step 2: Load your bracketed photos

The easiest way to load your differently exposed photos is to select the files with the Finder and drag them together to the Photomatix icon on your Dock.

You will then get a dialog asking you what you would like to do with the dragged files. SelectMerge for HDR processingand click onOK.

The next dialog lists the files selected. If necessary, you can remove files or select others.

You can also directly access the dialog to select source images by either clicking on theLoad Bracketed Photosbutton on theWorkflow Shortcutspanel, or going to theFilemenu and clicking onLoad Bracketed Photos….

Step 3: Preprocess and merge the photos

The next window lets you specify options for preprocessing and merging the photos.

If your photos were taken hand-held, check theAlign source imagesbox and select theBy matching featuresmethod. The three photos of the Grand Canal were taken using a tripod, but we still check the alignment option to correct for small alignment problems that may happen even with a tripod.

If your scene includes moving objects or people, check theReduce ghosting artifactsoption. Thesemi-manualoption is recommended for better results.

If the bracketed photos you loaded are RAW files, check theReduce noiseoption with theon source imagesselected. You may also check this option with jpeg or TIFF files.

Step 4: Adjust the image to your liking

TheSettingswindow on the left lets you adjust the process, method and settings. There are two processes:Tone Mapping, which is applied to the merged 32-bit HDR image, andExposure Fusion, which combines the source photos directly.

ThePreviewwindow on the right shows a preview of the final tone mapped image. You can adjust the preview size using the radio buttons on top.

It is important to note that the preview is only an approximation — the final result may slightly differ in the case of the Details Enhancer and Fusion/Adjust methods.

The buttons at the bottom of theSettingswindow let you undo or redo settings, restore the default settings, and load and save presets.

You can also access presets directly by clicking on the thumbnails of thePreset Thumbnailspanel. The “Built-in” presets show by default.

Step 4: Adjust the image (continued)

Try different processes and methods with your image.

TheExposure Fusionprocess tends to produce more natural-looking results and has the advantage of reducing noise.

TheTone Mappingprocess is the most versatile, offering a large variety of styles, or “looks”, depending on the method and settings.

There are two Tone Mapping methods: theDetails Enhancermethod increases local contrast and details, which makes it possible to process your image in creative ways. TheTone Compressormethod produces a more “photographic” look.

For a detailed tutorial on using the settings, please refer to thevideo tutorialon Tone Mapping.

Once you are satisfied with the method and settings, click on theProcessbutton so that you can thensavethe image.

Step 5: Save the image

The Preview shows a low resolution representation of the image. To save the image at original resolution, you will have first to process it with the adjustments you selected. To do this, click on theProcessbutton located at bottom of theSettingswindow.

Once the processing has completed, chooseFile > Save As.

The processed image is in 16 bits/channel mode. However, you can choose to save it as 8-bit JPEG, if desired. Saving as 16-bit TIFF is recommended for further processing.

Helpful Links

Adapted fromhttp://www.hdrsoft.com/resources/tut_mac/index.html

HDR Examples